X-ray Emission Study of TeV Blazars

In this work, we present a systematic X-ray study of 85 TeV-detected blazars based on archival \emph{Swift}-XRT and \emph{NuSTAR} observations available up to May 2024. We derive unabsorbed X-ray fluxes and photon indices through spectral fitting, and investigate their light curves, spectral energy distributions, flux distributions, power spectral densities, and flux-index correlations. Using the fractional variability method, we identify 78 sources as variable in the soft X-ray band and 14 sources as variable in the hard X-ray band. For well-sampled soft X-ray light curves, the flux distributions are generally better described by log-normal functions, while the PSD slopes span $β_{\rm PSD}=0.1$--$1.6$, with most values between 1.0 and 1.6, where the PSD is defined as $P(f)\propto f^{-β_{\rm PSD}}$. We find positive correlations between TeV and X-ray luminosities, supporting a leptonic emission scenario. We also find a correlation between X-ray and disk luminosities, whereas no significant correlation is found between X-ray luminosity and black hole mass.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
arXiv (Cornell University)
Published
2026-10-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.37114
Primary Topic
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Type
preprint
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preprint

X-ray Emission Study of TeV Blazars

Junhang Liu, 景瑜 吴, Hubing Xiao, Jianzhen Chen et al.
arXiv (Cornell University)
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
preprint

X-ray Emission Study of TeV Blazars

Junhang Liu, 景瑜 吴, Hubing Xiao, Jianzhen Chen, Shangchun Xie, Lili Yang, Zhihao Ouyang, Xuhong Ye, Marina Manganaro, Junhui Fan
preprint en

Abstract

In this work, we present a systematic X-ray study of 85 TeV-detected blazars based on archival \emph{Swift}-XRT and \emph{NuSTAR} observations available up to May 2024. We derive unabsorbed X-ray fluxes and photon indices through spectral fitting, and investigate their light curves, spectral energy distributions, flux distributions, power spectral densities, and flux-index correlations. Using the fractional variability method, we identify 78 sources as variable in the soft X-ray band and 14 sources as variable in the hard X-ray band. For well-sampled soft X-ray light curves, the flux distributions are generally better described by log-normal functions, while the PSD slopes span $β_{\rm PSD}=0.1$--$1.6$, with most values between 1.0 and 1.6, where the PSD is defined as $P(f)\propto f^{-β_{\rm PSD}}$. We find positive correlations between TeV and X-ray luminosities, supporting a leptonic emission scenario. We also find a correlation between X-ray and disk luminosities, whereas no significant correlation is found between X-ray luminosity and black hole mass.

arXiv (Cornell University)
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
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X-ray Emission Study of TeV Blazars — Junhang Liu, 景瑜 吴, et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS