Lower Bounds on Expressions Depending on the Functions φ(n), ψ(n) and σ(n): Part 4

In this article, we establish four lower-bound inequalities for rational expressions involving the Euler totient function φ(n), the Dedekind psi function ψ(n), and the sum-of-divisors function σ(n). The inequalities concern rational expressions involving sums of cubes, products of these arithmetic functions, and sums of pairs of these functions. The lower bounds are given explicitly as rational functions of n and are attained when n is prime. Furthermore, we formulate four conjectures that extend the established inequalities to arbitrary positive integer powers k.

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Publication Details

Journal
Mathematics
Published
2026-10-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/math14213935
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Lower Bounds on Expressions Depending on the Functions φ(n), ψ(n) and σ(n): Part 4

Stoyan Ivanov Dimitrov, Meglena D. Lazarova
3 links
Mathematics
Analytic Number Theory Research
article

Lower Bounds on Expressions Depending on the Functions φ(n), ψ(n) and σ(n): Part 4

Stoyan Ivanov Dimitrov, Meglena D. Lazarova
article en

Abstract

In this article, we establish four lower-bound inequalities for rational expressions involving the Euler totient function φ(n), the Dedekind psi function ψ(n), and the sum-of-divisors function σ(n). The inequalities concern rational expressions involving sums of cubes, products of these arithmetic functions, and sums of pairs of these functions. The lower bounds are given explicitly as rational functions of n and are attained when n is prime. Furthermore, we formulate four conjectures that extend the established inequalities to arbitrary positive integer powers k.

MathematicsVol. 14(21)
Technical University of Sofia (BG), Prof. Assen Zlatarov University (BG)
European Regional Development Fund
Openalex Percentile: Top 4%
Analytic Number Theory Research
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