Análise comparativa entre o sistema de saúde dos Estados Unidos e o Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil

This article offers a comparative analysis of the healthcare systems in Brazil and the United States, examining their origins, organization, financing, coverage, governance, and crisis responses, with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. Through an integrative literature review, key differences and similarities between the models were identified. Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS), based on universality, comprehensiveness, and equity, guarantees free access to healthcare for its entire population, standing out for its extensive primary care network and effective vaccination programs. However, it faces challenges such as chronic underfunding, regional inequalities, and management limitations. The U.S. system is fragmented, heavily reliant on private insurance, and costly; despite progress from the Affordable Care Act, it remains inaccessible and unequal for many. The pandemic highlighted SUS’s resilience through universal coverage and broad vaccination, while fragmentation and politicization worsened inequalities in the U.S. The study suggests Brazil should prioritize investment, innovation, and value-based management, while the U.S. needs more inclusive policies and effective coordination. The conclusion stresses that sharing experiences and strengthening public systems are vital to promote equity, efficiency, and preparedness for future health emergencies.