An updated inventory of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in the state of Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon

Results from previous inventory studies on the Brazilian culicids may have indicated sampling gaps in the Amazon ecosystem. In this study, we inventoried the diversity of mosquitoes in the state of Rondônia using databases (speciesLink, Brazilian Biodiversity Information System, and Global Biodiversity Information Facility) and articles published over an 86-year period (Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar) to contribute to species richness knowledge and the number of records per municipality, highlighting species that act as disease vectors. The survey recorded 24 genera and 149 species of the Culicidae family in Rondônia. The genus Anopheles Meigen, 1818 had the highest species richness (36 species), followed by Culex Linnaeus, 1758 (18 species) and Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827 (14 species); however, ten genera were represented by only one species. The geographic coverage of culicid records was limited, with only 16 of the 52 municipalities in the state exhibiting occurrences. Most of the species recorded in scientific articles were sampled from rural environments (n = 70); studies conducted in urban areas recorded 20 species from four genera. The Fiocruz Collections substantially contributed to the overview of Amazonian diversity. In conclusion, our findings reflect the epidemiological importance and inherent diversity of the taxa, emphasizing the need to increase sampling efforts in the Amazon biome to include the culicid fauna of various environments and the phytogeographic domains that constitute it.