Driving Green Growth through Fintech Innovation: Examining the Moderating Role of Cryptocurrency Integration among NGOs in Malaysia

The current study intends to examine the moderating effect of cryptocurrency integration on the relationship between FinTech-enabled financing methods and green growth among Malaysian environmental NGOs. The analysis focuses on two financing methods, green financing and crowdfunding. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted, and 151 usable responses were obtained from knowledgeable personnel from 48 registered and active environmental NGOs in Malaysia. The structural analyses were performed using SmartPLS 4. The findings show a significant positive relationship between green financing and green growth whereas the relationship between crowdfunding and green growth was not statistically significant. Cryptocurrency integration was not directly related to green growth at the 5% significance level. The interaction between cryptocurrency integration and green financing was significant and negative, indicating that the positive green financing-green growth association was weaker at higher levels of cryptocurrency integration. The corresponding interaction with crowdfunding was positive, but not statistically significant. Thus, green financing provides the clearest direct contribution to green growth among environmental NGOs, while cryptocurrency integration should be approached with caution as part of a broader strategy that takes into account governance, transparency, regulatory compliance, and environmental sustainability.