H&S-MIRA: A Human-Led, Multi-Route Framework for Identifying and Assessing Improvement Opportunities in Construction Health and Safety Management Systems

Construction health and safety (H&S) management relies on interdependent processes through which hazards are assessed, work is planned and controlled, information is exchanged, deviations are addressed and learning is sought. Digital innovation and artificial intelligence have expanded the available means of supporting these processes; however, a technology-led approach can obscure human and organisational improvement, deterministic automation, robotics and conventional preventive controls. The methodological problem examined here is how to identify and assess potential interventions across several routes without presuming an existing deficiency, a preferred technology or preventive benefit. This monograph presents H&S-MIRA v1.0: a human-led Excel artefact that records user-defined H&S functions, explores human and organisational (HO), deterministic digital automation (DA), artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics (RB) routes, and registers only sufficiently specified, human-classified candidates. The artefact is combined with a post-identification five-point procedure linking candidates to relevant Research Problem Areas (RPA0–RPA5), critical conditions and a contextual benchmark specification. The evidence base comprises controlled development records, method specifications, internal functional verification, conceptual counterexamples and an illustrative INT-020 work-coordination scenario. Findings support a coherent, usable research architecture, not externally validated effectiveness. The work articulates its novelty as a bounded integrative design contribution, identifies falsifiable questions for subsequent assessment and specifies the additional evidence needed before organisational deployment or preventive claims.