Interaction Between Brassinosteroids and Sugars in Higher Plants

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are extensively involved in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In eukaryotes, the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism is of paramount importance, as it not only provides energy for organisms but also contributes to cell wall biosynthesis in plants. Given that distinct sugar states are perceived by specific sugar sensors, BRs and sugars exhibit multifaceted interactions. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of how BRs and sugars reciprocally regulate each other’s metabolism, as well as the proteins that serve as integration nodes for BR and sugar signaling pathways. Furthermore, the mechanism by which BRs modulate sugar transport is elaborated in detail, whereas the regulation of BR transport by sugar signals remains unreported. This review aims to provide novel targets for crop breeding by systematically synthesizing the crosstalk between BRs and sugars.