An exact counterexample to trigonometric positivity for square roots of geometric sums

We refute Kovalev Conjecture 1.3 using d=49, partial-sum index 949 and t=arccos(523/527). A finite integer certificate proves strict negativity of the literal trigonometric sum from the normalized square-root Taylor coefficients. The coefficient recurrence, cosine bridge and source counterexample are proved in Lean. The separate zero-free conjecture and minimality are not claimed. AI-assisted preprint by Myeongjin Kang, with no affiliation. Internal AI review is not external journal peer review. The accompanying Lean certificate covers the precise scoped main statement; inspect the formal endpoint, assumptions and provenance in the supporting package. Prior-art investigations are documented bounded searches, not worldwide-priority certification. Original prose is offered under CC BY 4.0 and original code/Lean under MIT; third-party rights and existing notices are preserved. The public supporting ZIP contains original proof sources and verification evidence, with bibliographic links and hashes instead of redistributed third-party source manuscripts. Recorded prior-art/source-access limits: Actual 2026 published body retains the conjecture. No prior counterexample located; finite searches cannot certify absolute priority.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23718180
Primary Topic
Advanced Mathematical Identities
Type
preprint
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preprint

An exact counterexample to trigonometric positivity for square roots of geometric sums

Myeongjin Kang
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Mathematical Identities
preprint

An exact counterexample to trigonometric positivity for square roots of geometric sums

Myeongjin Kang
preprint en

Abstract

We refute Kovalev Conjecture 1.3 using d=49, partial-sum index 949 and t=arccos(523/527). A finite integer certificate proves strict negativity of the literal trigonometric sum from the normalized square-root Taylor coefficients. The coefficient recurrence, cosine bridge and source counterexample are proved in Lean. The separate zero-free conjecture and minimality are not claimed. AI-assisted preprint by Myeongjin Kang, with no affiliation. Internal AI review is not external journal peer review. The accompanying Lean certificate covers the precise scoped main statement; inspect the formal endpoint, assumptions and provenance in the supporting package. Prior-art investigations are documented bounded searches, not worldwide-priority certification. Original prose is offered under CC BY 4.0 and original code/Lean under MIT; third-party rights and existing notices are preserved. The public supporting ZIP contains original proof sources and verification evidence, with bibliographic links and hashes instead of redistributed third-party source manuscripts. Recorded prior-art/source-access limits: Actual 2026 published body retains the conjecture. No prior counterexample located; finite searches cannot certify absolute priority.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Mathematical Identities
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