Mitigating scanning-induced systematics in Hipparcos andimplications for Gaia astrometry

Space-based astrometric missions such as and rely on one-dimensional scanning strategies that couple the measured signals with both observation times and scanning geometry. This coupling can introduce spurious periodicities and complicate their interpretation. We present a non-parametric extension of the phase-distance correlation (PDC) periodogram that quantifies and reduces dependence on scan geometry at the period-search stage. Using data, we identified recurrent periodicities associated with characteristic scanning-law timescales and showed that they are strongly suppressed by the scan-angle-controlled statistic. We then applied the method to Data Release 4 (DR4) prerelease epoch astrometry, where a recurrent ∼54-day feature is suppressed across multiple sources while independently known orbital signals remain detectable. The method provides a diagnostic of scan-angle dependence and a way to mitigate its impact on period searches. These results are particularly relevant for DR4, where public epoch astrometry will enable large-scale searches for companions ranging from exoplanets to dormant black holes. Hipparcos Gaia Hipparcos Gaia Gaia