Socioeconomic Factors and Crop Index Insurance Adoption Among Maize Farmers in Trans Nzoia County Kenya

This study examined socioeconomic characteristics associated with actual adoption, premiums paid by insured farmers, and stated willingness to pay among interested nonadopters in Trans Nzoia County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional survey used multistage sampling and structured household questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, a binary logistic model, conditional ordinary least squares regressions, and an awareness contingency table were examined. Actual adoption remained limited despite widespread reported awareness. Education, farming experience, gender, income source, and association membership were associated with adoption in the main reported model. Farm size was positively associated with premiums paid, whereas experience and production costs were positively associated with stated willingness to pay. Several demographic characteristics showed weak or uncertain relationships with the conditional monetary outcomes. The awareness table concerned consideration of purchase rather than completed adoption and was affected by questionnaire routing. The findings support differentiated interventions combining understandable contracts, accessible payment arrangements, and credible protection against locally relevant risks. They also indicate that actual payments and hypothetical willingness should be analyzed separately. The study concludes that increasing insurance participation requires attention to affordability, product quality, and household circumstances alongside information provision.