Mosquito population suppression via periodic release of sterile mosquitoes with general impulse timing

We propose and analyze a mathematical model for suppressing wild mosquito populations through periodic releases of sterile mosquitoes with general impulse timing. Unlike classical strategies that assume equidistant release intervals within each cycle, our framework allows non-equidistant inter-impulse intervals, providing greater flexibility and closer alignment with practical field implementations. We derive critical release amounts and periodic cycles, which govern the classification of the dynamics of the system including conditions for full suppression of the wild population and the existence of periodic solutions. Our results demonstrate that suppression can be achieved independently of the initial population size either through sufficiently large release amounts or through appropriately timed moderate releases. Our analysis highlights the interplay between release amount and release timing, providing useful insights for designing efficient and flexible sterile mosquito release protocols.