Knowledge, attitude and practices among mothers of children regarding vitamin supplementation in selected rural areas of Chitradurga

Background: Vitamins are essential micronutrients required for growth, immunity, and overall development in children. Inadequate knowledge and improper practices regarding vitamin supplementation among mothers may lead to adverse health outcomes, particularly in rural populations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding vitamin supplementation, evaluate the impact of an educational intervention, and determine the association with socioeconomic factors. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 204 mothers aged 0-12 years across three selected rural areas of Chitradurga. Data were collected using self-designed, pre-validated questionnaire consisting of five 10-item sections covering socio-demographics, KAP before and 1-2 weeks following an educational intervention delivered via leaflets and verbal communication. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 27, employing descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and chi-square tests. Results: At baseline, only 33 (16.2%) of participants had good knowledge and 30 (14.7%) demonstrated good practices, while over 184 (90%) showed a positive attitude toward vitamin supplementation. Awareness regarding the correct age 16 (7.8%) and dosage 5 (2.5%) was notably low. Following the educational intervention, practice scores improved significantly from 3.08 to 5.55 (p<0.001). No significant association was found between socioeconomic status and practice levels. Conclusions: Mothers demonstrated poor knowledge and practices despite having a positive attitude toward vitamin supplementation. Educational interventions significantly improved practices, indicating that lack of awareness rather than financial constraints is the primary barrier.