Household Income and Service Access under the Parish Development Model in Buyende District Uganda

Uganda's Parish Development Model seeks to connect subsistence households to productive finance and coordinated services. Assessing its contribution requires distinguishing financial delivery from changes in household welfare. This article examines implementation evidence relevant to household income and service access in Buyende District through an integrative literature review and descriptive analysis of official secondary records. Nineteen sources covering programme design, district and national audits, performance reporting, evaluation methods and related experimental research were purposively retained. The Buyende audit for the year ended June 2024 reports 19 filled agricultural extension positions against 40 required, equivalent to 47.5%, and 17 motorcycles against a requirement of 40, equivalent to 42.5%. Its funding table records UGX 3.65 billion transferred to 73 SACCOs in the fourth quarter and a further UGX 3.65 billion in the following financial year. National programme reporting for FY 2024/25 records cumulative beneficiary disbursement of UGX 2,750.29 billion against reported capitalisation of UGX 3,262.07 billion. These observations establish implementation activity and constraints, rather than a causal household income effect. Related experimental literature supports attention to complementary skills, savings, enterprise conditions and follow-up duration. The synthesis indicates that programme assessment should link verified household receipt dates to enterprise outcomes and actual service use. Recommendations prioritise seasonal funding schedules, extension capacity, inclusive selection, accessible record keeping and household follow-up with a credible comparison strategy. The article contributes an evidence-based distinction between programme reach, delivery quality and demonstrated welfare improvement in a district where the available records do not establish an attributable income change.