Current Status and Challenges of CAR-T Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies

In the last few decades, T-cell therapy has received wide attention. The previous articles discussed its clinical application a lot, but rarely connected its mechanism with the limitation. More specifically, it has made stage achievements in the medical intervention of hematological malignancies in terms of improving the five-year survival rate and reducing the probability of recurrence. The conclusion generated from in-depth analyzed the article and summarized the connections among different viewpoints. The aim of this article is systematically and concisely explaining the mechanism of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, explain its clinical application and effect and the current limitations. In the research, it is found that the limitations come from the basic mechanism of recognition. This is also why CAR-T cell therapeutic effect shows differences between solid tumors and hematological malignancies. This is also why his treatment effect will be affected by different types. In summary, this study is pointed out that the development focus of CAR-T in the future will shift from simply improving the killing ability to improving durability, reducing toxicity, overcoming immune escape, and achieving more accurate and individualized treatment.