TRANSFORMASI KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAL: TINJAUAN TEORETIS KRITIS DAN REKOMENDASI MODEL KIP-K

ABSTRACT Islamic educational leadership in multicultural societies faces the challenge of preserving Islamic values while responding to social, cultural, and religious diversity. Previous studies have examined inclusive and participatory leadership as well as various modern leadership approaches; however, the integration of Islamic prophetic values with these three dimensions within a single conceptual framework requires further clarification. This study aims to critically analyze the transformation of Islamic educational leadership in multicultural societies and formulate the KIP-K Model (Inclusive, Participatory, and Contextual Leadership) as a conceptual framework responsive to these needs. This qualitative study employed library research by examining classical Islamic literature and scholarly publications, particularly those published between 2020 and 2026. The data were analyzed through identification, categorization, reduction, content analysis, and thematic synthesis, supported by theoretical triangulation. The findings indicate that the KIP-K Model integrates the values of ‘adl (justice), rahmah (compassion), ta’awun (collaboration), and syura (consultation) with servant, distributed, and transformational leadership approaches. The inclusive dimension emphasizes equality, the participatory dimension prioritizes collective involvement, and the contextual dimension highlights adaptation to social and cultural needs. The study concludes that the KIP-K Model provides a conceptual foundation for developing ethical, responsive, and adaptive Islamic educational leadership. Nevertheless, its practical applicability and effectiveness require further empirical investigation across diverse Islamic educational institutions. ABSTRAK Kepemimpinan pendidikan Islam dalam masyarakat multikultural menghadapi tantangan untuk mempertahankan nilai-nilai Islam sekaligus merespons keberagaman sosial, budaya, dan agama. Kajian terdahulu telah membahas kepemimpinan inklusif, partisipatif, dan berbagai pendekatan kepemimpinan modern, tetapi integrasi nilai-nilai profetik Islam dengan ketiga dimensi tersebut dalam satu kerangka konseptual masih perlu diperjelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis transformasi kepemimpinan pendidikan Islam dalam masyarakat multikultural serta merumuskan Model KIP-K (Inclusive, Participatory, and Contextual Leadership) sebagai kerangka konseptual yang relevan dengan kebutuhan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan dengan menelaah literatur Islam klasik dan publikasi ilmiah, terutama yang terbit pada 2020–2026. Data dianalisis melalui identifikasi, kategorisasi, reduksi, analisis isi, dan sintesis tematik, disertai triangulasi teoretis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Model KIP-K mengintegrasikan nilai ‘adl (keadilan), rahmah (kasih sayang), ta’awun (kolaborasi), dan syura (musyawarah) dengan pendekatan servant leadership, distributed leadership, dan transformational leadership. Dimensi inklusif menekankan kesetaraan, dimensi partisipatif mengutamakan keterlibatan kolektif, sedangkan dimensi kontekstual menekankan adaptasi terhadap kebutuhan sosial dan budaya. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Model KIP-K menawarkan landasan konseptual untuk mengembangkan kepemimpinan pendidikan Islam yang etis, responsif, dan adaptif, tetapi penerapannya masih memerlukan pengujian empiris.