Scalable Immersive Live Observation using 360 video streaming (SILO360): innovative technology to transform simulation observation for simulation participants

Abstract Introduction In simulation-based education, the learners are spending increasing amounts of time observing scenarios rather than being the active participant. It is known that observer roles can be less engaging and may impact the learning experience. Previous research has attempted to address this issue using live 360-degree video streaming of the simulated scenario to observers using individual headset mounted displays. These have demonstrated increased engagement and presence compared with the standard viewing approaches such as watching on a screen in a nearby room or via one-way mirrors. Unfortunately, until now, it has not been possible to scale this technology to reflect a standard simulation session (multiple learners in the same building viewing the scenario live) often due to issues with limited internet bandwidth in one location. In this paper we introduce a new technology, comprising both new software and a new configuration of hardware to enable unlimited numbers of observers to view 360 degree video-stream, live and locally (e.g. in a simulation centre). Turning their head enables them to control their individual view of the scenario. To accommodate those who would prefer not to use headset-mounted displays (e.g. due to VR sickness) the technology can operate on other devices such as tablets and laptops. This paper details the design process, new elements, final technical iteration and the technological trial. We outline the challenges involved including cost and hardware limitations and implications for practice. Results We present data from an evaluation pilot study to demonstrate proof-of-concept. This highlighted areas for consideration around the technology, the user experience and utility. Discussion This set up creates an innovative way for observers to interact with the scenario, allowing individual perspectives and has the potential for greater engagement. This exciting development could revolutionise the observer role and enhance their involvement in the debrief. Further research is planned to focus on the optimal use of the technology, and impact on the human factors debriefing.