Experiences of adults on probation for illicit substance use: a qualitative study

This study examined the experiences of adults placed under probation due to illicit substance use. Identifying the challenges, barriers, and emotions experienced by individuals under probation for illicit substance use can guide interventions designed to support them throughout this process. It may also lead to the identification of factors that facilitate the process of quitting substance use. A qualitative research design was used. This research included 16 individuals who were under probation due to illicit substance use and who attended the Probation Outpatient Clinic of a hospital in Türkiye. Data was collected between July 2025 and August 2025 using a Personal Information Form and a Semi-Structured Interview Form. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted. Coding was carried out manually, and inter-coder reliability was ensured through independent coding and consensus. Five themes were identified: (1) Challenges experienced by individuals due to probation, (2) Work-related challenges, (3) Family-related challenges, (4) Challenges in friendship relations, and (5) Societal attitudes toward individuals on probation under Article 191 of the Turkish Penal Code. Individuals under probation reported difficulties in family and friendship relations, problems in finding employment, and challenges related to transportation and managing work obligations alongside required hospital visits. They also described negative societal attitudes. Support is needed in transportation, employment, family involvement, and stigma reduction.