Aplicaciones, limitaciones y relevancia jurídico-probatoria del análisis de huellas de mordedura en odontología forense, revisión de alcance

The analysis of bite marks in forensic dentistry constitutes a useful tool for human identification, the clarification of criminal acts,and crime prevention, particularly in cases of sexual assault and homicide. This scoping review made it possible to examine itscriminological and legal relevance based on the available scientific evidence. To this end, bibliographic sources published during the last five years were reviewed in specialized databases, and studies related to the application, usefulness, and limitations of thistechnique were selected. The findings show that bite marks can provide relevant information when integrated with other forensic evidence; however, they also present limitations associated with skin deformation, subjectivity in interpretation, and the risk of identification errors. It is concluded that bite mark analysis is a valuable supporting tool, although its application must be carriedout under rigorous scientific criteria to ensure more reliable judicial decisions. It is concluded that bite mark analysis represents a valuable tool for criminal investigations and the administration of justice; however, its use must be supported by standardized protocols.