Seven Novel Sonographic Signs

Ultrasound is a widely used imaging modality in clinical practice, and sonographic signs serve as valuable teaching tools that aid in pattern recognition and diagnosis. This review consolidates five novel sonographic signs previously proposed by the author, including the Cracked Earth Sign for subcutaneous edema, the Mushroom Cap Sign for localized gallbladder adenomyomatosis, the LTS Sign for dilated cardiomyopathy, the LTI Sign for endocardial fibroelastosis, and the Three Pipes Sign for the suprasternal long-axis view of the aortic arch. The SFH Sign for advanced cervical insufficiency and the Gentle Upslope Sign for the parvus–tardus waveform are proposed for the first time in this paper. Collectively, these seven signs span the fields of superficial ultrasound, abdominal ultrasound, echocardiography, and obstetric ultrasound. For each sign, its naming logic, definition, clinical implications, and teaching value are described. This review aims to facilitate a better understanding of these signs and to promote their use as teaching aids in ultrasound education.