Smooth stationary water waves with multiple vortex spikes
For any prescribed positive integer $n$, we establish the existence of a family of stationary solutions to the two dimensional capillary-gravity water wave equations in finite depth, whose stream functions exhibit $n$ well-separated vertically aligned vortex spikes with alternating signs. The construction is based on a nonlinear gluing scheme for a singularly perturbed semilinear elliptic equation coupled to the Bernoulli equation on the free surface. Our results extend the single-spike construction to arbitrary finite multi-spike configurations and reveal a mechanism through which exponentially localized vortex spikes can coexist with an almost flat free surface.
Authors
- Youquan Zheng
- Yuchen Wang
- Zhiqiang Fan
Publication Details
- Journal
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Published
- 2026-10-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.35129
- Primary Topic
- Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
- Type
- preprint