Association of TLR3 and TLR5 Gene Polymorphism with Schizophrenia

Aim: Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder whose cause and pathogenesis have not been fully clarified. It affects approximately 1% of society. Despite the lack of knowledge about the role of TLRs in the etiology of schizophrenia, studies on prenatal infection, inflammation, obstetric complications, oxidative/nitrosative stress, neurodegeneration, and cognitive function suggest that TLRs may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated the association of TLR3 rs3775291 and TLR5 rs1861172 polymorphisms with schizophrenia Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between schizophrenia and TLR3 and TLR5 gene polymorphisms.Material and Methods: A total of 140 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 104 healthy individuals without any neuropsychiatric disease participated in our study. TLR3 rs3775291 and TLR5 rs1861172 gene polymorphisms were selected using PolyPhen 2.0, MirSNP, and SIFT databases. Polymorphisms were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.Results: The genotype distributions of rs3775291 (CC: 61.4%, CG: 31.4%, GG: 7.1%; p=0.494) and rs1861172 (AA: 30.7%, AG: 55.0%, GG: 14.3%; p=0.875) in the schizophrenia group were comparable to those in the control group (rs3775291: 53.8%, 37.5%, 8.7%; p=0.250; rs1861172: 33.7%, 51.9%, 14.4%, p=0.756), with no statistically significant differences observed (p > 0.05).Conclusion: This study is the first to investigate the association between schizophrenia and the rs3775291 and rs1861172 polymorphisms. In conclusion, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. Considering the ethnic diversity in schizophrenia, conducting similar studies in other populations would be informative.