Amphibians from Peat Swamp Forestof Gunung Palung National Park, WestKalimantan, Indonesia

Peat swamp forests are unique and vulnerable ecosystems that supportspecialized biodiversity, including amphibian communities that are highlysensitive to environmental changes. However, information on amphibiandiversity in peat swamp forests of West Kalimantan, particularly in GunungPalung National Park, remains limited. This study aimed to documentamphibian species richness and composition in peat swamp habitats usingVisual Encounter Survey (VES) methods across multiple observationsites with differing environmental conditions. A total of 19 species wererecorded, including several species widely associated with peat swampecosystems and notable records that expand known distributions in Borneo.Species composition varied across sites and was influenced by vegetationstructure, habitat conditions, and acidity levels. These findings provideessential baseline data and highlight the importance of habitat heterogeneityin shaping amphibian communities, supporting future conservation planningand biodiversity monitoring in peat swamp ecosystems.