Measurement Properties of the Official Modern Standard Arabic Borg CR Scale® (CR10) for Assessing Perceived Exertion
An official Modern Standard Arabic version of the Borg CR Scale® (CR10) is available, but evidence on its measurement properties remains limited. This study evaluated measurement properties of the official Arabic CR10 without modification. Phase 1 involved cognitive interviews with 48 participants. Phase 2 comprised an experimental session (T1; n = 72) and a retest 7 ± 2 days later (T2; n = 52). Convergent validity was examined during ramp-incremental cycling using associations with work rate and heart rate (HR). Recovery was analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(A,1)], Bland–Altman analysis, standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level (MDC95). Correct comprehension was 95.8%, and favorable acceptability was 93.8%. CR10 ratings were strongly associated with work rate (r_rm = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.89–0.93) and HR (r_rm = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.83–0.89; both p < 0.001). During recovery, HR remained positively associated with CR10 (β = 0.048 per bpm; 95% CI, 0.037–0.059; p < 0.001). Peak CR10 showed good test–retest reliability (ICC(A,1) = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71–0.89), minimal bias (−0.08), SEM = 0.49, and MDC95 = 1.35. These findings support the measurement properties examined for the Arabic CR10 in Arabic-speaking Tunisian adults under standardized incremental cycling conditions.
Authors
- Hamdi Chtourou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-9151)
- Mohamed Ali Baccouche (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6644-5493)
- Khaled Trabelsi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2623-9557)
- Liwa Masmoudi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-1585)
- Haitham Jahrami (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-1320)
- Achraf Ammar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0347-8053)
- Mohamed Kerkeni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2463-9004)
Institutions
- University of Jordan (JO)
- University of Sfax (TN)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l’Éducation Physique de Sfax (TN)
- Faculty of Medicine of Sfax (TN)
- Government Hospitals (BH)
- Arabian Gulf University (BH)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Sports
- Published
- 2026-10-27
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/sports14110474
- Primary Topic
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00