There Should Exist Tetradic Nontrivial Zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function off the Critical Line

It is proved that κ1 > Son , where, κ1 denotes the sum of the reciprocals of all nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function ζ(s) within the critical strip, while Son represents the same sum taken strictly over all such zeros on the critical line. This result implies the existence of nontrivial zeros off the critical line. A contradiction can be obtained by first establishing the relation between κ1 and the analytic upper bound for Son via termwise scaling (i.e., enlarging terms), and then comparing that relation with the relation between κ1 and the numerical evaluation of this upper bound using Odlyzko’s first two million nontrivial zeros on the critical line.

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Publication Details

Journal
Preprints.org
Published
2026-10-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202601.1564.v2
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

There Should Exist Tetradic Nontrivial Zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function off the Critical Line

Elizabeth Zhou, Ming Zhou
Preprints.org
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

There Should Exist Tetradic Nontrivial Zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function off the Critical Line

Elizabeth Zhou, Ming Zhou
preprint en

Abstract

It is proved that κ1 > Son , where, κ1 denotes the sum of the reciprocals of all nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function ζ(s) within the critical strip, while Son represents the same sum taken strictly over all such zeros on the critical line. This result implies the existence of nontrivial zeros off the critical line. A contradiction can be obtained by first establishing the relation between κ1 and the analytic upper bound for Son via termwise scaling (i.e., enlarging terms), and then comparing that relation with the relation between κ1 and the numerical evaluation of this upper bound using Odlyzko’s first two million nontrivial zeros on the critical line.

Preprints.org
Analytic Number Theory Research
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