Intelligent Optimization Algorithms for Model Display and Spatial Layout in Huizhou Carving Virtual Exhibition Halls

To enhance users’ visual experience, intelligent algorithms are used to optimize both model display and spatial layout for the virtual exhibition halls of Huizhou carvings. The process involves employing the Neural Surface (NeuSurf) reconstruction technology to generate three-dimensional models, thereby establishing a realistic visual experience environment for users. The Level of Detail (LOD) algorithm is subsequently implemented to optimize the visual presentation of reconstructed models. This process includes model simplification using the Quadric Error Metrics (QEM) algorithm and enhancement of visual display through a sight-line grading strategy. This optimization ensures visual realism and system fluency for model displays across various environments. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to optimize the spatial layout of the Huizhou carving virtual exhibition halls. This process includes adjustments to symmetry, layout density, and color contrast to enhance users’ visual and psychological experiences. The eye-tracking results indicate that an efficient, well-designed exhibition hall layout improves virtual exhibition hall users’ perception and experience in terms of visual information reception efficiency, visual focus, and visual emotional arousal. User evaluations confirmed that model display optimization algorithms significantly enhance the overall visual experience and immersion for users of virtual exhibition halls. The findings offer a scientific basis for enhancing visual display design in traditional handicraft virtual museums.