VPNBench: An Open Dataset for Evaluating WireGuard, OpenVPN, and strongSwan/IPsec Under Realistic Remote-Access Conditions

Remote-access Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are a fundamental component of modern enterprise infrastructure, providing secure connectivity for distributed users and devices. Despite the widespread deployment of WireGuard, OpenVPN, and IPsec, publicly available datasets supporting reproducible evaluation of their behavior under realistic operating conditions remain limited. This paper introduces VPNBench, an open dataset designed to support the study of VPN performance, resilience, and operational behavior in controlled enterprise remote-access environments. The dataset was collected using an automated experimentation framework comprising a cloud-hosted VPN gateway and three heterogeneous client platforms, namely, a Raspberry Pi 4, a VirtualBox-based Ubuntu virtual machine, and an Ubuntu environment running under Windows Subsystem for Linux. Measurements were collected across baseline, CPU-stress, latency, packet-loss, MTU-variation, wireless-band, and mobility scenarios, resulting in 189 run-level observations spanning 63 experimental configurations. Each observation includes structured metadata, operating-system and network-state snapshots, TCP and UDP performance measurements, latency traces, resource-utilization telemetry, routing information, interface configurations, and VPN runtime-state records. The dataset is accompanied by deployment scripts, experimental automation tools, and analysis utilities, enabling reproducible experimentation and extension of the measurement campaign. The dataset provides a reproducible benchmark resource for studying VPN behavior under the specific operating conditions represented in the testbed and may support comparative analyses of performance, resilience, and mobility-related characteristics. By combining network-performance metrics with environmental metadata and protocol-state information, the dataset enables investigations that extend beyond conventional throughput-oriented VPN evaluations.