Abordaje de Enfermería Según el Modelo de Adaptación de Callista Roy en Gestante con Preeclampsia Severa y Síndrome de Hellp

Severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome are obstetric complications that compromise maternal-fetal health and require timely, comprehensive, and specialized nursing care. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model provides a theoretical foundation for identifying human responses and guiding individualized interventions. Objective: To describe a nursing approach based on Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model for a pregnant woman with severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, through the application of the nursing process. Methodology: A descriptive, qualitative study based on the construction of a hypothetical clinical case set in a public hospital in Machala, Ecuador. The stages of the nursing process were developed using Callista Roy’s four adaptive modes and the NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC taxonomies. Results: Physiological alterations and emotional responses related to the severity of the obstetric condition were identified. Three nursing diagnoses were prioritized: risk for ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, risk for excessive bleeding, and excessive anxiety. A care plan was developed, featuring interventions focused on neurological surveillance, hemodynamic monitoring, hemorrhage prevention, and the strengthening of emotional coping, with expected outcomes established via NOC indicators. Conclusion: Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model facilitated the organization of a comprehensive, systematic, and humanized care proposal, addressing both the physiological and psychosocial needs of the pregnant woman. As this is a hypothetical case, clinical studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed interventions.