Self-rated health in Moldova: a study based on the Generations and Gender Life-Course Survey

Introduction Subjective health serves as an indicator of quality of life and is a reliable predictor of mortality trends, particularly in older age groups. Its determinants are influenced by physical and mental well-being and are positively linked to overall health. Subjective health is mainly measured using a representative sample, in which respondents rate their health, usually on a scale from very good to very bad. Materials and methods This research primarily relies on life-course data from the Generations and Gender Survey, conducted in two waves in 2020 and 2024–2025. Thus, a panel analysis was conducted to assess changes in subjective health across the 5-year cohorts during the period analysed. Results Subjective health has declined more than improved across all studied generations, with a notably greater reduction among the middle-aged group born between 1965 and 1980, in both males and females. The decline in subjective health among these groups aligns with a rising prevalence of chronic diseases as the interviewees age. Conclusions The research addresses a gap in the study of subjective health in Moldova by applying panel data analysis, whereas previous research has predominantly used a cross-sectional approach. The article's findings highlight the need for targeted policies to prevent morbidity and reduce mortality, particularly among vulnerable cohorts.