Analisis Gerusan di Hilir Bendung Menggunakan Program Surfer
ABSTRAK Gerusan di hilir bendung merupakan permasalahan hidraulik yang sering terjadi akibat tingginya energi aliran dan terjadinya loncatan hidraulik, yang berpotensi merusak struktur bendung serta mengganggu kestabilan dasar sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kecepatan aliran terhadap kedalaman gerusan di hilir bendung berdasarkan variasi material dasar sungai, serta menerapkan program Surfer dalam memetakan dan memvisualisasikan pola gerusan yang terjadi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen melalui uji model fisik tiga dimensi di Laboratorium Teknik Pengairan Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar dengan menggunakan saluran flume. Percobaan dilakukan dengan variasi debit aliran dan dua jenis material sedimen non-kohesif, yaitu pasir agregat halus dan agregat kasar, dengan kemiringan dasar saluran sebesar 0,5%. Data hasil pengujian berupa kedalaman dan panjang gerusan diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel untuk perhitungan hidraulik dan program Surfer untuk pemetaan kontur serta visualisasi tiga dimensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kecepatan aliran menyebabkan bertambahnya kedalaman gerusan di hilir bendung, dan karakteristik gerusan dipengaruhi oleh ukuran butiran material dasar sungai. Program Surfer terbukti efektif dalam menampilkan pola gerusan secara detail melalui peta kontur dan model permukaan tiga dimensi, sehingga mempermudah analisis perubahan topografi dasar saluran. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam perencanaan dan mitigasi gerusan pada bangunan bendung agar lebih aman dan berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: gerusan, hilir bendung, kecepatan aliran, sedimen non-kohesif, Surfer. ABSTRACT Scouring downstream of weirs is a common hydraulic problem caused by high flow energy and the occurrence of hydraulic jumps, which can potentially damage weir structures and compromise the stability of the riverbed. This study aims to analyze the effect of flow velocity on scour depth downstream of a weir based on variations in riverbed material and to apply Surfer software to map and visualize the resulting scour patterns. The research employed an experimental method using a three-dimensional physical model test conducted at the Water Resources Engineering Laboratory, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, using a flume channel. The experiments were conducted with variations in flow discharge and two types of non-cohesive sediment materials, namely fine and coarse aggregate sand, with a channel bed slope of 0.5%. The test data, including scour depth and length, were processed using Microsoft Excel for hydraulic calculations and Surfer software for contour mapping and three-dimensional visualization. The results show that an increase in flow velocity leads to greater scour depth downstream of the weir, while scour characteristics are influenced by the grain size of the riverbed material. Surfer software proved effective in displaying scour patterns in detail through contour maps and three-dimensional surface models, thereby facilitating the analysis of changes in channel-bed topography. This study is expected to serve as a reference for the planning and mitigation of scour around weir structures to improve their safety and sustainability. Keywords: scour, downstream of weir, flow velocity, non-cohesive sediment, Surfer.
Authors
- Fithriyah Arief Wangsa
- Andi Ahkam Jayadi
- Hamzah Al-Imran
- Arul Wiraguna
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Muhammadiyah’s Application Technology
- Published
- 2026-10-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.26618/h39t8s39
- Primary Topic
- Hydraulic flow and structures
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00