Impact of Signal-To-Noise Ratio in Brain CT Scans at Federal Teaching Hospital, Birnin Kebbi

This research assessed the connection between radiation dosage and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in brain CT scans conducted at the Federal Teaching Hospital in Birnin Kebbi. Utilizing a prospective experimental design, we analyzed data from 150 patients who underwent scans from March to June 2025. The study focused on evaluating the CT Dose Index (CTDIvol), Dose-Length Product (DLP), and effective dosage, in addition to various metrics of image quality. The average CTDIvol recorded was (26.09 mGy), with a DLP of (1169 mGy•cm), and an effective dose of (2.66 mSv), all of which are aligned with international diagnostic reference thresholds. However, a significant range in values and elevated upper-quartile readings indicated issues with consistent protocol optimization. The observed SNRs displayed notable variability; certain scans exhibited excellent diagnostic clarity, while others suffered from noise interference, potentially jeopardizing diagnostic confidence and necessitating repeat imaging. These results highlight the importance of achieving an optimal balance between reducing radiation doses and maintaining image quality. This can be addressed through protocol standardization, ongoing training for radiographers, routine dose audits, and the integration of dose-reduction technologies like iterative reconstruction and automatic exposure control. Furthermore, establishing localized diagnostic reference levels and implementing continuous monitoring are advised to improve patient safety and the reliability of diagnoses at FTHBK.