SI FAWALARA: A Sustainable Facial Wash Formulated with Sea Grape (Caulerpa sp.) and Soapnut (Sapindus rarak) Extracts

Synthetic surfactants, such as Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), are widely used in facial wash formulations but may contribute to environmental pollution and skin irritation. The development of biosurfactant-based facial wash products using natural ingredients represents a promising strategy to support sustainable cosmetics. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a facial wash containing Sea Grape (Caulerpa sp.) extract and Soapnut (Sapindus rarak) extract, designated as Facial Wash with Sea Grape and Soapnut Extract (SI FAWALARA). Three formulations containing 5%, 15%, and 25% soapnut extract were prepared while maintaining sea grape extract at 1.5%. The formulations were evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, pH, foam stability, total plate count, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the agar well diffusion method, and skin irritation in mice. Data were analyzed using parametric or non-parametric statistical tests at a 95% confidence level. All formulations complied with liquid soap quality requirements, exhibited acceptable physicochemical properties, demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against both test bacteria, and produced no signs of erythema or edema during the irritation test. The formulation with the highest soapnut extract concentration showed the greatest antibacterial activity. These findings demonstrate that SI FAWALARA is a safe and effective biosurfactant-based facial wash with the potential to reduce reliance on synthetic surfactants, thereby supporting the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly cosmetic products.