Reconstruction of Broadcasting Regulation Based on Pancasila Justice In The Digital Convergence Era

Law Number 32 of 2002 concerning broadcasting was enacted from an analogue perspective, predicated on the frequency spectrum, broadcasting institutions and simultaneous reception. However, digital convergence has fundamentally transformed the audio-visual ecosystem, enabling digital platforms to distribute content to millions of users without being bound by broadcasting obligations. The regulatory asymmetry between free-to-air television and digital platforms raises fundamental questions of legal justice. This study aims to analyse how the values of Pancasila justice are constructed within the Broadcasting Law, examine the causes of the regulatory asymmetry between free-to-air television and digital platforms, and propose a reconstruction of the Broadcasting Law based on Pancasila justice principles. This normative-prescriptive legal research employs statutory, conceptual, philosophical, historical and comparative approaches. The findings reveal that regulatory asymmetry arises from misalignment in legal substance, structure and culture. The reconstruction is based on a three-pillar model (relaxation, protection and additional services), distinguishing between spectrum-based, electronic system-based and audio-visual public function-based obligations, in order to achieve proportional justice. Implementing social justice through the proportionate distribution of regulatory burdens and benefits, humanitarian protection for children, and safeguards for unity and information sovereignty actualises the reconstruction's embodiment of Pancasila values