Data-Driven HSE Performance Monitoring and Corrective Action Management in Saudi Oil and Gas Drilling Operations

Drilling organizations require performance information that identifies weakened controls and supports effective corrective action. This paper develops a conceptual framework for data driven health, safety and environmental monitoring in Saudi oil and gas drilling operations. A purposive integrative review combines peer reviewed leading indicator research with primary technical guidance and descriptive corporate disclosures. It distinguishes occupational safety, occupational health, environmental management and process safety, arguing that aggregate injury indicators cannot represent every consequential exposure. The proposed framework connects validated reporting, risk triage, cause analysis, accountable intervention and independent effectiveness verification. Three analytical tables specify evidence boundaries, indicator definitions and a corrective action workflow. A graph illustrates selected published corporate measures without attributing them to drilling sites. The analysis identifies denominator consistency, contractor interfaces, reporting protection and verification quality as conditions for useful monitoring. Three propositions support future field testing. No original rig observations or causal estimates are claimed. The framework offers a practical research agenda for operational capability and responsible industrial development associated with Vision 2030.