多级极端生态位串联生物转化体系:木质纤维素全组分梯级利用与体外预消化范式 A Multi-Stage Extreme Niche Tandem Bioconversion System: Full-Component Cascading Utilization of Lignocellulose and an In Vitro Predigestion Paradigm

作者:郭洋洋Author: Guo YangyangORCID:0009-0006-6669-1790Contact email:[email protected] Type: PreprintSubmission Date: October 26, 2026Version: v1.0 Final Bilingual EditionPreprint DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23668638Open Access License: CC BY 4.0 摘要 Abstract 全球木质纤维素类生物质存量巨大,但传统利用体系存在显著的层级断层:高值径材仅占生物量的小部分,大量枝桠、枯落物、农业秸秆等剩余物或被露天焚烧、或自然腐解,既造成资源浪费,也是草原与森林火灾的核心隐患。与此同时,反刍动物对天然饲草的消化受植物化学防御与纤维结构限制,解毒与纤维分解过程消耗大量代谢能,制约了畜牧生产效率。 The global stock of lignocellulosic biomass is enormous, yet the traditional utilization system has prominent hierarchical gaps: high-value large-diameter timber accounts for only a small fraction of total biomass, while vast quantities of residues such as twigs, litter, and agricultural straw are either open-air burned or naturally decomposed. This not only wastes resources but also constitutes a core hazard for grassland and forest wildfires. Meanwhile, the digestion of natural forage by ruminants is constrained by plant chemical defenses and fiber structure; the processes of detoxification and fiber decomposition consume substantial metabolic energy, limiting the efficiency of livestock production. 本文提出一种多级极端生态位串联生物转化体系:通过模拟自然腐生生态系统的碎屑食物链逻辑,构建多段独立、环境参数阶跃的发酵单元,以极端环境梯度替代人工灭菌,实现不同功能菌群的生态位隔离与无拮抗接力降解;每一级菌群在完成专属降解/脱毒任务的同时,其菌体生物量与未完全降解的底物共同作为下一级的输入,实现木质纤维素组分与菌体生物质的全层级利用。该体系将动物消化道的核心消化、解毒功能体外化、工业化,最终输出可定制化的预消化通用营养基质,大幅降低动物的消化代谢负荷。 This paper proposes a multi-stage extreme niche tandem bioconversion system. By simulating the detrital food chain logic of natural saprophytic ecosystems, it constructs multiple independent fermentation units with step-changed environmental parameters. Extreme environmental gradients replace artificial sterilization to achieve niche isolation and antagonism-free relay degradation of functional microbial communities. While each microbial community completes its dedicated degradation/detoxification task, its biomass and incompletely degraded substrates together serve as input for the next stage, enabling full-tier utilization of lignocellulosic components and microbial biomass. The system externalizes and industrializes the core digestive and detoxification functions of the animal digestive tract, and ultimately outputs customizable universal predigested nutrient substrates, greatly reducing the digestive and metabolic load of animals. 本文系统阐述了该体系的理论基础、工艺架构、运行机制,并针对边境草原野火防控、林业剩余物梯级利用两类典型场景进行了效益耦合分析。研究表明,该体系是对现有木质资源利用体系的长尾补全,可在不改变主流木材、造纸产业格局的前提下,将原本废弃的低价值木质纤维转化为标准化商品,同时实现生态治理、资源利用与畜牧生产的正向闭环。 This paper systematically elaborates the theoretical basis, process architecture, and operation mechanism of the system, and conducts benefit coupling analysis for two typical scenarios: border grassland wildfire prevention and cascading utilization of forestry residues. The study shows that this system serves as a long-tail complement to the existing wood resource utilization system. It can convert originally discarded low-value lignocellulose into standardized commodities without changing the pattern of the mainstream timber and papermaking industries, while achieving a positive closed loop of ecological governance, resource utilization, and livestock production. 关键词:木质纤维素降解;极端生态位;串联发酵;体外预消化;生物质梯级利用;草原野火防控 Keywords: lignocellulose degradation; extreme niche; tandem fermentation; in vitro predigestion; cascading biomass utilization; grassland wildfire prevention and control