Calcite-based composite structure of Sinan stone for self-healing

The “self-healing” process through autogenous mechanisms is a form of structural repair of damaged areas without adding additional material. Autogenous healing or crack repair in cementitious structures occurs in part through various physical, mechanical, and chemical mechanisms. This study aims to demonstrate effective, rapid autogenous healing using various microscopy techniques. As part of the main composition developed in this research, a calcite-based composite stone called “Sinan’s Stone” (kufeki-musselstone) is used as the primary ingredient. Composites are formed with cement, PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol), chitosan, water, and other organic and inorganic additives, along with 20–25 micron finely ground and homogenized kufeki-musselstone powders as the calcite component. Rapid self-healing was observed within 6–8 seconds, with closure beginning at the bottom and progressing to fill the deep scratches or grooves. These novel composites are designed for potential use in restoring and repairing historical artifacts and other structures.