Laparoscopic resection of pelvic retroperitoneal Castleman disease

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder with nonspecific clinical and imaging manifestations, making it easily confounded with other pelvic tumours. This article reports the case of a 43-year-old female who presented with a 4-year history of abnormal uterine bleeding starting in 2021. Pelvic ultrasound revealed a solid mass in the left adnexal region. The patient underwent laparoscopic resection of a left pelvic retroperitoneal mass, and postoperative pathological diagnosis confirmed hyaline vascular CD. The patient recovered well after surgery, and no recurrence was observed during follow-up at 1, 2, and 6 months postoperatively. This case suggests that although CD is rare, it should be given due consideration in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses in female patients. Complete laparoscopic excision not only enables definitive diagnosis but also provides a curative outcome. Enhancing awareness of this disease may help prevent misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis and can serve as a valuable reference for the early identification and optimal surgical management of similar cases.