Tanggung Jawab Sosial, Etika Bisnis, dan Pemindaian Lingkungan Strategis dalam Manajemen Strategik: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur

Corporate social responsibility, business ethics, and the analysis of the strategic environment are two pillars that are often discussed separately, even though both determine the long-term sustainability of a firm within the discipline of strategic management. This study aims to synthesize recent scholarly literature examining these two pillars and to map the conceptual linkages between them. This research employs a narrative-thematic literature review method, drawing on articles published in internationally reputable journals indexed in Scopus (quartile Q1 to Q3) within the last three years (2023-2026), complemented by foundational theoretical works that continue to underpin the field. The review identifies five major themes: (1) the conceptual evolution and enduring debate surrounding corporate social responsibility; (2) the empirical relationship between social responsibility and financial performance; (3) ethical governance mechanisms, particularly whistleblowing, as instruments of organizational integrity; (4) environmental scanning and competitive strategy frameworks, particularly Porter’s Five Forces, as tools for reading the external environment; and (5) the intersection of social responsibility and industry competitiveness as a mediating pathway linking the two pillars. The findings indicate that social responsibility and environmental analysis are not two separate strategic activities, but two complementary capabilities that jointly determine a firm’s competitive advantage and organizational legitimacy. This study contributes theoretically by offering an integrative framework connecting business ethics literature with strategic analysis literature, and practically by providing managers with references for designing more comprehensive corporate strategies.