Quality of Life and Factors Associated With Quality of Life Among Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes Worldwide: An Integrative Review

PURPOSE: To evaluate and synthesize existing research on factors influencing the quality of life (QoL) of older adults living in nursing homes worldwide. METHOD: The current review followed Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review technique, using the Social Ecological Model (SEM) to organize and identify key components. RESULTS: Thirty articles met inclusion criteria, collectively addressing 10 subthemes organized into five principal themes based on the SEM. These themes, derived from individual study findings, included intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy factors. The identified subthemes encompassed sociodemographic factors, well-being and self-interest, physical health conditions, mental health conditions, social support, family relationships, staff-resident relationships, evaluation, community support, and policy factors. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight that factors across all five SEM levels contribute to QoL of older adults in nursing homes, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, multi-level care to ensure holistic support for this population.