Threads of Equity: Bridging the Gap in Adaptive Clothing for People with Disabilities in Zimbabwe

Adaptive fashion involves designing clothing that responds to real physical needs, such as limited mobility or the use of assistive devices. The need for adaptive clothing designed for people with disabilities (PWDs) is gaining increased attention, especially in developing contexts such as Zimbabwe, where clothing options remain largely non-inclusive. In this study, a mixed-methods approach was employed, with the Functionality, Expressiveness, and Aesthetics (FEA) model providing the theoretical lens for analysis. The study collected quantitative data through structured surveys administered to 75 people with disabilities. The study gathered qualitative insights through semi-structured interviews with purposefully selected people with disabilities (PWDs), fashion designers, and apparel manufacturers. The findings reveal a clear gap, with 85% of participants reporting limited access to adaptive clothing. Interviews further highlighted challenges such as cultural stigma, financial constraints, and limited technical skills among designers and manufacturers. Insights from the qualitative data pointed to the importance of adopting a user-centred design approach. Specific needs included adjustable fastenings, sensory-friendly designs, and more cost-effective production methods for adaptive clothing. The study also identified opportunities for inclusive innovation through collaborative design processes, disability-centred education in fashion curricula, and the integration of universal design principles. The study concludes with recommendations to promote an inclusive fashion ecosystem in Zimbabwe through policy advocacy, designer sensitization, and investment in adaptive clothing production. The study highlights the importance of inclusive design in clothing and apparel production as a means of empowering individuals with disabilities, promoting dignity, and promoting social inclusion.