Entropy generation and Bejan number analysis of Al2O3–Cu/H2O–C2H6O2 hybrid nanofluid flow in a generalized Bödewadt configuration with slip, suction and thermal radiation

Purpose This study aims to examine entropy generation and Bejan number characteristics in the generalized Bödewadt flow of an Al2O3–Cu/H2O–C2H6O2 hybrid nanofluid over a stationary permeable disk. The proposed thermofluid formulation couples a generalized power-law outer vortex with a metal/oxide hybrid suspension in a 50:50 water–ethylene glycol base fluid, generalized momentum and thermal slip, suction/injection, thermal radiation and second-law irreversibility measures. Design/methodology/approach The similarity-reduced nonlinear boundary-value problem is solved using MATLAB bvp4c, and the numerical implementation is validated against established limiting solutions and through a domain and tolerance sensitivity study. Reduced skin-friction coefficients, the reduced Nusselt number, local and wall entropy-generation measures and the Bejan number are evaluated. Findings For the baseline suction regime, increasing −A from 2 to 4 raises Nured from 2.6894 to 4.0892 (about 52.0%) while simultaneously increasing Cf,red by about 34.9% and NG,wall by about 124.6%. Increasing the coupled slip parameters from α = β = 0.2 to 1 reduces Nured by about 56.0% and NG,wall by about 81.6%. Hybrid nanoparticle loading moderately improves heat transfer, whereas radiation increases the heat-transfer rate while redistributing thermal irreversibility across the boundary layer. Originality/value The results demonstrate that heat-transfer enhancement in generalized Bödewadt hybrid-nanofluid systems should be evaluated together with wall shear and entropy production rather than through the Nusselt number alone.