Effects of Dual-Task Training on Dual-task Performance in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of dual-task training compared to single-task training on dual-task performance in chronic ankle instability (CAI). Design: Single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Forty individuals with CAI were allocated to dual-task training (n = 20) or balance training (n = 20) for eight weeks. Outcomes included the Time in Balance Test (TBT), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), and hop tests. Results: Significant group × time interactions were found for the TBT ( P <0.001), the SEBT-anterior ( P =0.002), the SEBT composite ( P =0.009), side hop test ( P <0.001) and figure-of-8 hop test ( P =0.008). However, between-group post hoc comparisons at post-intervention revealed a significant difference only for the SEBT composite ( P =0.033). No significant between-group differences were found for the other outcomes ( P >0.05). Conclusions: Eight weeks of dual-task training may produce greater improvements in dual-task static balance, dynamic balance, and functional agility than single-task balance training, as suggested by significant group × time interactions. However, between-group post hoc differences were limited to the SEBT composite. Cognitive tasks may be incorporated into rehabilitation to prepare individuals with CAI for daily attentional demands, but larger trials are needed to confirm clinical superiority.