Preventive strategies for mental disorders in children and adolescents

The issue of prevention in psychiatry has gained increasing relevance due to the rising burden of mental illness. The prevention of mental disorders in children and adolescents deserves particular attention, as these conditions often emerge early and can have profound effects on families and society as a whole. Objective. To analyze the array of currently developed preventive strategies in pediatric and adolescent psychiatry and to systematically organize the information gathered. Material and methods. This review includes scientific reports from the last decade (since 2015) sourced from databases such as PubMed, eLibrary, and TRUE. Results. A wide variety of modern preventive strategies and the primary challenges in their practical implementation have been identified. Through literature analysis and our own research, we have compiled a typology of preventive measures that considers the complex biopsychosocial origins of mental illness and integrates the foundational concepts by G. Caplan and R.S. Gordon. Conclusions. We present key directions and objectives for future studies that may lead to more personalized preventive measures on the one hand and the establishment of universal health strategies on the other.