Exploring SUDI knowledge and practices among Samoan, Tongan, Cook Island Māori, and Niue mothers and grandmothers in Aotearoa New Zealand: a qualitative study

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to explore the knowledge and understanding of Sudden Unexpected Death in Infants and infant sleep practices among Samoan, Tongan, Cook Island Māori and Niue mothers and grandmothers in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Methods A qualitative study guided by the Kakala framework and Talanoa methodology was conducted with Samoan, Tongan, Cook Island Māori and Niue mothers and grandmothers ( n = 31) living in Auckland, Aotearoa, New Zealand. Eight focus groups were conducted between February and October 2022. Data was analysed using a general inductive approach. Results Three themes were identified: (1) knowledge and awareness; (2) Infant sleep practices; and (3) sources of information and influence. Participants highlighted current knowledge of SUDI and its prevention measures. Despite this, many mothers chose to follow the advice of their family members over that of healthcare professionals, particularly around bedsharing. Conclusion This research reinforces the need for SUDI prevention strategies co-designed with Pacific communities that integrate risk minimisation approaches, Pacific cultural worldviews, and grandmothers as key conduits of infant care knowledge. Health professionals should be supported to engage in open, non-judgmental conversations about safer bedsharing rather than blanket discouragement.