Numerical investigation on thermal-hydraulic performance of manifold jet-microchannel heat sink with shark-fin-shaped bionic sidewalls

The escalating power density of modern integrated circuits renders heat dissipation under high heat flux a critical challenge. To address this, this study proposes a cooling architecture combining manifold jet impingement and microchannel cooling, featuring a shark-fin-shaped sidewall design. A systematic numerical investigation is conducted to evaluate the thermal–hydraulic performance of the proposed structure against conventional designs. The effects of shark-fin length and width, inlet temperature, inlet velocity, and heat flux on heat source temperatures and pressure drop are examined. Results demonstrate that the dimensionally optimized shark-fin configuration ( W = 0.2 mm, L = 0.25 mm) achieves an average heat source temperature of 327.1 K over a 10 × 30 mm 2 heat-source area at a heat flux of 120 W/cm 2 , an inlet velocity of 0.2 m/s, and an inlet temperature of 288 K. Compared with the baseline straight-channel configuration under the same conditions, this configuration reduces the average heat source temperature by 26.5 K, with a corresponding pressure-drop increase of 746.6 Pa.This work examines the effects of bionic sidewalls on the thermal–hydraulic performance of manifold jet-microchannel heat sinks and provides numerical results for electronic cooling design.