A socio-computational framework for evaluating artificial intelligence adoption readiness in small-scale businesses

Purpose Adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) across small-scale businesses remains uneven even with the growing pace of digital transformation. Large enterprises are rapidly integrating AI into their operations, while there is still a barrier to adoption within small-scale businesses. This study proposes and examines an exploratory computational readiness index (CRI) that brings together behavioral, organizational and environmental dimensions to understand the preparedness of small-scale businesses in adopting AI. This index is offered as a preliminary firm-level diagnostic rather than a fully validated measure. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative, multi-source design was used, combining primary survey data from small-scale businesses with secondary global data collected from international sources and informal conversations with additional small business owners, managers and employees who fell outside the formal survey sample. Survey instruments were used to capture behavioral, organizational and environmental factors influencing the decision to adopt AI. This was also complemented with secondary global data collected and combined to derive the readiness index. Appropriate statistical tests were conducted to examine relationships among key dimensions and the overall readiness index. Findings Organizational factors like employee skills, motivation and opportunities were most consistently linked with readiness across groups, followed by individuals’ behavioral factors. External factors such as infrastructure and environment appeared to have comparatively smaller influence. The results of the study have been used to develop a readiness index that is intended to indicate the extent to which a small-scale business may be prepared to adopt AI. Practical implications The CRI proposed in this study can become a practical tool for policymakers and leaders within small-scale businesses for readiness assessment, prioritizing capability building within the organization rather than focusing on infrastructure investments alone. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by proposing a novel framework for assessing AI readiness in small-scale businesses, integrating human, organizational and environmental dimensions.