Quantum Energy Packet Theory

This preprint presents QEP theory, a conceptual framework in which space consists of discrete cells whose edges are of Planck length and whose shape is irregular and undefined, and in which everything that exists is built from quantum energy packets (QEPs). A QEP is an indivisible unit that is always counted as one; the energy of a particle depends both on the number of its QEPs and on their organization (volume, arrangement, spin orientation and speed). A cell is either empty or holds one QEP, and the network may contain cell-less regions (tears) at least two cells in size. The paper builds dimensions sequentially and reads the fourth dimension as the space in which parallel 3D worlds are arranged. Only QEPs can cross between these worlds, while the cell bonds that carry tension stay within a single 3D world, so gravity remains three-dimensional. From this picture we formulate a candidate leakage law for the transfer of QEPs and particles to a neighboring world, and we give cell-level readings of quantum entanglement and tunneling that reproduce the standard quantum-mechanical numbers. Gravity is described as a tension rule for cell bonds, τ = GM/(2ρc²) in isotropic coordinates, which reproduces the exterior Schwarzschild geometry. We also propose a two-stage black-hole picture: the horizon forms where τ = 1, and a tear forms deeper inside where QEPs are packed without gaps. Matter is not lost but circulates around the tear. Throughout, every statement is checked against precisely known measurements so that nothing contradicts them, including: tests of Newton's law down to 52 μm; the equivalence principle at the 10⁻¹⁵ level (MICROSCOPE); the speed of gravitational waves (GW170817); Fermi limits on energy-dependent photon speeds; the ringdown of GW250114. A status table classifies each claim as a postulate, a rule constructed to match measurements, an interpretation, or a hypothesis. The paper lists open problems, among them the missing equation of motion for QEPs, Lorentz-symmetry violation on an irregular network, the energy density of gap-free packing, and Hawking radiation, entropy and the area law. It also gives predictions with explicit falsification conditions. The use of an AI assistant for calculations, figures and editing is disclosed in the paper; the ideas, assumptions and interpretations are the author's. Keywords: discrete space; quantum energy packet; cell network; parallel worlds; fourth dimension; quantum gravity phenomenology; black holes; emergent space; Lorentz invariance; entanglement; tunneling

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23478957
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
Type
preprint
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preprint

Quantum Energy Packet Theory

A.E. Mammadov
1 citations
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
preprint

Quantum Energy Packet Theory

A.E. Mammadov
preprint en
1 citations

Abstract

This preprint presents QEP theory, a conceptual framework in which space consists of discrete cells whose edges are of Planck length and whose shape is irregular and undefined, and in which everything that exists is built from quantum energy packets (QEPs). A QEP is an indivisible unit that is always counted as one; the energy of a particle depends both on the number of its QEPs and on their organization (volume, arrangement, spin orientation and speed). A cell is either empty or holds one QEP, and the network may contain cell-less regions (tears) at least two cells in size. The paper builds dimensions sequentially and reads the fourth dimension as the space in which parallel 3D worlds are arranged. Only QEPs can cross between these worlds, while the cell bonds that carry tension stay within a single 3D world, so gravity remains three-dimensional. From this picture we formulate a candidate leakage law for the transfer of QEPs and particles to a neighboring world, and we give cell-level readings of quantum entanglement and tunneling that reproduce the standard quantum-mechanical numbers. Gravity is described as a tension rule for cell bonds, τ = GM/(2ρc²) in isotropic coordinates, which reproduces the exterior Schwarzschild geometry. We also propose a two-stage black-hole picture: the horizon forms where τ = 1, and a tear forms deeper inside where QEPs are packed without gaps. Matter is not lost but circulates around the tear. Throughout, every statement is checked against precisely known measurements so that nothing contradicts them, including: tests of Newton's law down to 52 μm; the equivalence principle at the 10⁻¹⁵ level (MICROSCOPE); the speed of gravitational waves (GW170817); Fermi limits on energy-dependent photon speeds; the ringdown of GW250114. A status table classifies each claim as a postulate, a rule constructed to match measurements, an interpretation, or a hypothesis. The paper lists open problems, among them the missing equation of motion for QEPs, Lorentz-symmetry violation on an irregular network, the energy density of gap-free packing, and Hawking radiation, entropy and the area law. It also gives predictions with explicit falsification conditions. The use of an AI assistant for calculations, figures and editing is disclosed in the paper; the ideas, assumptions and interpretations are the author's. Keywords: discrete space; quantum energy packet; cell network; parallel worlds; fourth dimension; quantum gravity phenomenology; black holes; emergent space; Lorentz invariance; entanglement; tunneling

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
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