Improved Self-Weight Consolidation Model for Characterizing the Bleeding Process in Fresh Concrete Paste

Abstract This study develops an improved self-weight consolidation model with a power law time-dependent function to characterize the bleeding process in fresh concrete paste. The model is verified by two experimental datasets with varying mix proportions and water–cement ratios. It is superior in fitting accuracy and more effective characterization of the bleeding process compared to the conventional self-weight consolidation model. Derivative analysis of the bleeding curves reveals that the model accurately captures the initial acceleration followed by gradual deceleration of bleeding rates. The time-scale transformed power law function effectively establishes the relationship between the mesoscopic time–space fabric of fresh concrete paste and the time-dependent characteristics of the bleeding process. Notably, the three fitted parameters of the proposed model exhibit distinct quantitative relationships with water–cement ratio variations.