Factors associated with opisthorchiasis preventive behavior in a rural endemic community of northeastern Thailand: A cross-sectional study

Objective: To identify factors associated with preventive behaviour against opisthorchiasis among adults in a rural endemic community in northeastern Thailand. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Muang Sri Kai Subdistrict, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand, during September to October 2023 and selected adults using simple random sampling. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, previous stool examination, and preventive behaviour using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Associations were analyzed using Pearson’s Chi -square or exact tests, as appropriate, and binary logistic regression, with adjusted odds ratios (a OR s) and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The analysis included 339 adults. The mean age of participants was (45.4±8.8) years, and 64.0% were female. A previous stool examination was reported by 81.4% of participants, and 81.1% reported consuming raw food. Overall, 296 participants (87.3%) demonstrated adequate preventive behavior. Previous stool examination (a OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.35-5.89), higher knowledge score (a OR 1.27 per point, 95% CI 1.13-1.43), and more favorable attitude score (a OR 2.76 per point, 95% CI 1.51-5.02) were associated with increased odds of adequate preventive behavior. Conclusions: Knowledge, attitudes, and previous stool examination were associated with adequate preventive behavior. The cross-sectional design limits causal inference, and previous screening may indicate broader engagement with health services. Future prospective studies should assess integrated screening and culturally appropriate preventive education.