An enhanced TOGI-based control framework for seamless bidirectional energy management in grid-connected solar PV–EV charging systems

The less cost of photovoltaic (PV) modules and the rapid growth of electric vehicles (EV) has accelerated the adoption of solar-powered charging systems. Despite this progress, the use of bidirectional power flow in PV–EV integrated charging infrastructure has received comparatively less attention. An enhanced third order generalized integrator (ETOGI) is utilized to control bidirectional voltage source converter (VSC). A comparison is made between the Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Phase Disposition Pulse Width Modulation methods to find the performance of the system based on total converter losses and harmonics. The suggested model is implemented and analysed in Simulink environment and further tested through real-time implementation by a real-time OPAL-RT test platform. Its performance is evaluated by static and dynamic operating conditions during charging and discharging. The results demonstrate effective power management, improved grid power quality through lower current harmonic distortion. These outcomes indicate that the proposed configuration is a reliable and efficient solution for grid-connected solar PV-based EV charging applications.