Implementation of the No Smoking Area Policy in Four Secondary Schools in Surakarta

Background: Schools are designated settings for the No Smoking Area (Kawasan Tanpa Rokok, KTR) policy. Objective: To describe implementation processes through communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study included 19 purposively selected informants at SMA N 2 Surakarta, SMK Kristen, SMK N 8 Surakarta, and SMK Marsudirini. Structured interviews with open responses were conducted from April to June 2025. Interactive analysis involved data reduction, presentation, and conclusion verification; source triangulation compared stakeholder perspectives. Results: Communication included ceremonies, classroom guidance, and posters, with differing accounts of its continuity. Resources relied on existing personnel; informants reported limited signage and no dedicated budget. Disposition included support and reprimands alongside reports of teachers smoking. Bureaucratic structure used existing counseling and supervisory roles, with reported gaps in dedicated procedures and coordination. Findings describe stakeholder accounts rather than school rankings or measured policy effects. Conclusion: Clear recurring communication, explicit resource responsibilities, consistent adult example, and written operational procedures are priorities for strengthening KTR implementation in the participating schools.